Electronic contractsTraders can conduct various contracts

Electronic contracts

Traders can conduct various contracts and behaviors 

through the

 

Internet by simply clicking on the keyboard in the 

computer

.
The contracts can be made on closed computer 

networks used in

 

electronic data exchange.

Although the decade-mail is no different in principle 

from other

 

contracts in terms of the pillars of the contract and 

conditions,

 

but the privacy and techniques conduct that make it 

one of

 

modern forms of contracts, and can be considered 

specifically

 

modern forms of contract for after or between 

absentee, which

 

began an exchange of letters paper

then normal phone or wireless then by fax, telex or 

television ...

 

and this confirms that the new is a compact in the way

 or manner

 

of expression of the will and not in the same decade.

   
Limit ourselves to some examples of contracts 

electronic

 

Kalpaua and e-banking business.

First - electronic sales: It may be electronic sales 

contract

 

civilians and may be commercially.

It may be replaced sales commercial Daúaa or drugs 

have been

 

 replaced by shares of companies and assigned or 

otherwise.

A - the sale of goods: We've focused on international

 

organizations and regional groupings and the 

governments of

 

states to enact laws regulating e-commerce because of 

their

 

importance in the development of the global economy.

 

And sales through the Internet is the most important e-

commerce

 

activities, either through negotiation across sites until 

the

 

contract is reached or through the purchase of the 

online auction

 

And the sale of goods easier and faster than selling real

 estate

 

via the Internet, because most of the countries puts 

stages

 

complex and many procedures for the transfer of 

ownership of

 

real estate.

1 - sales of through the shop Default: It has become

 possible to

 

conduct the sales contract once you get to the store by

 default on

 

the internet and through the computer where the 

customer

 

browsing the contents of the store and keep on 

commodity

 

prices, and the transaction takes place by clicking on a 

computer

 

keyboard

2 -

auction: The auction online is a recent phenomenon 

appeared in

 

the United States in 1995 at the hands of company 

E.Bay which

 

attracted the admiration of the public.

The Internet here as a (virtual auction lounge) and as 

long as the

 

 access to the network is available to all the public it 

serves as

  

needed to make these sales for the optional sales.

 

The algebraic sales of what is still conducted in the 

traditional

 

manner of the auction through the execution 

departments.

Are usually sales by unlicensed companies doing this 

work for

 

agency vendors.

B - the sale of shares: Stock Trading appeared online 

several

 

years ago, and the number of investors in 2005 to five 

million

 

people, and then this number represents 20% share of 

the global

 

stock market is constantly increasing tremendously.

 

(Kuwait is more Arab countries dealing online stock

 trade).
    
The investor issuing orders through the web and the 

conduct of

 

 its investments through which at his home or office, 

and follow

 

price its shares favorites on the site, and monitor the

 

implementation sell the stock or buy it by e-mail and 

can also 

 

resort to a broker to represent him in the purchase and 

sale of

 

these shares.

Before you start trading stocks should an investor to 

open an

 

account with one of the sites that offer free stock trade 

is done 

 

by filling out a form account and then send a check 

amount to be

invested for deposit in the investor's account on the 

title of the

  

company that the account opening has then receive a

 password that is trading online only

 

through it.

And the broker with whom contracted the investor

 may remain

 

 confined to the brokerage and executes the commands

 and

 

directives or give his recipe investor and agent 

commission and

 

authorizing him to carry out buying and selling on his 

behalf.

Secondly - electronic banking:
    
Entered the electronic systems work in different banks

 

operations and facilitated the work among an 

increasingly banks, the banking business is still 

evolving with the development of e-

 

commerce websites.

 

The banking operations are electronically and snap 

Kalthoil the banking and electronic banking and 

payment or withdrawal by

 

(check -'s) or e-card (or prepaid magnetic cards).
  

A - electronic banking E-Banking:
    
Most banking operations can be done electronically 

which is easy banking business, private and has been 

linked to a wide range between banks locally and 

globally to the Internet or by private networks.
    
Financial services have emerged remotely through

 electronic banking in the early nineties as a 

comprehensive expression of the clients manage their 

accounts and get their work done related to banks from

 anywhere and at any time he pleases the customer.
    
The most important challenges of competition in the 

field of electronic banking is that some financial 

institutions offer online services were restricted to 

traditional banks became real for banks with dealers.
    
However, the major problem here lies in the 

information security, especially for cash transfers in its

 various forms.
    
And unremitting efforts to reach an advanced stage of 

security information on the Internet and immunization 

sites from intrusion and piracy.
     
The merely some banks create sites tariff for its 

services and its subsidiaries, and of course this does 

not enter into the concept of banks electronic and also 

do not enter into this concept create a communicative 

includes communication between the bank and its 

customers and the mobilization of applications or 

forms on-line On Line, because the bank's mail is 

create a site interactively allows the customer 

access to and management of accounts and make cash 

payments or fulfill the value of bills ... as we said earlier.
    
The cash transfer-mail is one of the most important

 operations of banks, electronic, because it allows the 

transfer payments from a bank account to other bank 

account electronically secure with the transfer of

 information relating to these transfers, is no secret to a 

quantity of papers that summarize the adoption of 

these methods electronic addition to the safety, security

 and reliability.

B - e-Cards and (check -'s): We start talking about e-

cards that can be dealt with before talking about banks 

(check -'s).

1 - e-Cards: Issued banks a lot of cards of different 

shapes and goals, such as credit cards Cartes de credit 

(and if this card entitle the holder to facilities is limited

 dubbed Gold Card corte d'or) or warranty cards cartes

 de grantie the cards to ensure the 

banks meet the amounts within certain limits.

We will present two forms of the most widely used e-

cards in the banking deal.

- Debit cards cartes de reteait: the cards entitle the

 holder to withdraw cash from electronic devices 

distributed in the cities (and its example is clear cards 

distributed by the Land Bank staff in Syria).

This may be a multi-function card, but it does not 

function as a fulfillment.

- Payment cards cartes de paiement: This card entitles 

the customer's repayment amounts to a maximum 

agreed with the bank that issued, which means the 

fulfillment of a simple efficient and assumed here and 

having a network of MSDE services involved in 

customer service and accept the deal these cards (47).

They differ from magnetic plastic cards paid the 

predetermined value and the stomach to pay online or

 to buy units of mobile phones and so on.      
Is the process of converting paper checks to electronic

 image over the network or via internet banking, and 

transported to the Central Bank to be the clearing 

process electronically.
    
The traditional image of clearing be meeting 

representatives of the banks in a specific hour of every

 working day in the clearing house in one of the 

branches of the central bank for the settlement of 

checks paid to the intermediary banks.
    
But with the evolution of checks and after the 

introduction of coding has become the central bank 

checks Vidkhalha to receive reader codes (code 

number and value of the check and any currency free 

and the account number and bank code and branch 

and clearing house).
   
And screening on the basis of these symbols in a 

unified clearing house.
   
And has recently been reached to electronic clearing 

that rely on the information on the computer and taken

 by a document imaging device (scaner) (the face of the

 check are filmed and back) and collect information in

 the banks of legal information include data can be

 retrieved by electronic means.
    
At a more advanced stage will become fully electronic 

check, and the relationship is directly on-line and on 

line between the customer and the bank, and are 

directly on clearing that rely on
 

The expense of the central bank and a commercial 

bank debt, for example, under the eyes of the 

customer, which monitors the process of withdrawing 

money from the tally and registered on the account of 

the Central Bank